Salem Press
Back Search

SEARCH

Search
To search multiple titles Click Here
Salem Press
Copy Permalink to this Title to Clipboard

Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues, 3rd Edition

Table of Contents

Publisher’s Note




Editor’s Introduction




Contributor List




Abbey, Edward




Accounting for nature




Acid deposition and acid rain




Acid mine drainage




Adams, Ansel




Aerosols and the environment




African elephant poaching




Africa’s ecosystem




Agenda 21




Agent Orange (AO)




Agricultural chemicals




Agricultural revolution




Agricultural runoff




Agriculture: history & overview




Agriculture: modern problems




Agriculture: traditional




Air conditioning and air-cooling technology




Air pollution policy to 2010




Air Quality Index (AQI)




Airborne particulates




Alar and carcinogen controversy




Alaska Highway




Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)




Alliance of Small Island States




Alternative energy sources




Alternative fuels




Alternatively fueled vehicles




Amazon River basin




American alligator and conservation efforts




American bison




Amoco Cadiz oil spill




Amory, Cleveland




Amphibians and habitat destruction




Animal rights movement




Animal testing




Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC)




Antarctic Treaty




Anthropocentrism




Antibiotics as environmental waste




Antienvironmentalism




Antinuclear movement




Antiquities Act




Appropriate technology (AT) movement




Aquaculture




Aquaponics




Aqueducts




Aquifers




Aral Sea destruction




Arctic National Wildlife Refuge




Argo Merchant oil spill




Arsenic in water supplies




Asbestos as carcinogenic material




Asbestos releases in Silver Bay, Minnesota




Asbestosis




Asia




Aswan High Dam




Atmospheric inversions




Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)




Automobile emissions




Bacillus thuringiensis




Back-to-the-land movement




Bacterial resistance & public health




Balance of nature




Basel Convention & movement of hazardous waste




Beach erosion




Bees & other pollinators




Benefit-cost analysis




Best available technologies to reduce pollution




Bhopal disaster




Bikini Atoll bombing




Bioassays




Biocentrism




Biodiversity




Biodiversity action plans




Biodiversity: Why Preserve Biodiversity?




Biofertilizers




Biogeochemical cycles




Biogeography




Biomagnification




Biomass conversion




Biomes & environmental issues




Biopesticides & the environment




Biophilia




Biopiracy & bioprospecting




Bioregionalism




Bioremediation




Biosphere




Biosphere 2




Biosphere reserves & wilderness issues




Biotechnology & genetic engineering




Black lung




Black Sea & pollution




Black Wednesday




Bonn Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)




Bookchin, Murray




Boreal forests & climate change




Borlaug, Norman




Bovine growth hormone




BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill




Braer oil spill




Brazilian radioactive powder release




Breeder reactors




Brent Spar occupation




Brockovich, Erin




Brower, David




Brown, Lester




Brownfields




Brucellosis




Brundtland Commission




Brundtland, Gro Harlem




Burroughs, John




Captive breeding




Carbon dioxide air capture




Carbon footprint




Carbon monoxide




Carpooling




Carter, Jimmy




Cash for Clunkers




Catalytic converters




Center for Health, Environment, and Justice (CHEJ)




Centers for Disease Control and Prevention




Ceres




Certified wood




Chalk River nuclear reactor explosion




Chelyabinsk nuclear waste explosion




Chernobyl nuclear accident




Chipko Andolan movement




Chloracne




Chloramphenicol




Chlorination




Climax communities




Cloning




Cloud seeding




Club of Rome




Coal ash storage




Coastal Zone Management Act




Cogeneration power systems




Colorado River




Commercial fishing




Commoner, Barry




Community gardens




Compact fluorescent lightbulbs




Composting




Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)




Congo River basin




Coniferous forests




Conservation biology




Conservation easements




Conservation movement




Conservation of natural resources




Conservation of polar bears




Conservation of rhinoceros populations




Conservation of savannas




Conservation of the whooping crane




Conservation of wolves




Conservation of Yosemite Valley




Conservation policy




Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)




Continental shelves and pollution




Controversy over wild horses and burros




Convention on Biological Diversity




Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species




Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution




Corporate average fuel economy standards




Côte d’Ivoire toxic waste incident




Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ)




Cousteau, Jacques




Cross-Florida Barge Canal




Cultural eutrophication




Cuyahoga River fires




Dams and reservoirs




Darling, Jay




Darwin, Charles




Dead zones




Debt-for-nature swaps




Deciduous forests




Decline of the ozone layer




Deep ecology




Deforestation




Department of Energy, U.S.




Department of the Interior, U.S.




Desertification




Deserts & dunes




Destruction of the northern spotted owl’s habitat




Destruction of the rain forests




Detoxification (environmental)




Detrimental health effects of smog




Development gap




Diamond v. Chakrabarty




Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT)




Dioxin




Diquat




Disposable diapers in landfills




Dolly the sheep




Dolphin-safe tuna




Dredging




Drinking water




Drought




Dubos, René




Ducktown, Tennessee




Dust Bowl ecological disaster




Earth Day




Earth First!




Earth resources satellites




Earth-sheltered construction




Eat local movement




Eaubonne, Françoise d’




Echo Park Dam opposition




Ecocentrism




Eco-fashion




Ecofeminism




Ecological economics




Ecological footprint




Ecology as a concept




Ecology in history




Ecosystem of South America




Ecosystems




Ecosystems of Australia and New Zealand




Ecosystems of Central America and the Caribbean




Ecotage




Ecoterrorism and radical environmentalists




Ecotopia




Ecotourism: Pros and Cons




Ehrlich, Paul R.




Electronic waste




Eminent domain




Emissions from Yokkaichi, Japan




Emissions in Sudbury, Ontario




Endangered species and species protection policy




Energy policy




Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975




Energy-efficiency labeling




Environment Canada




Environmental benefits of electric vehicles




Environmental benefits of rain gardens




Environmental birth defects




Environmental causes of cancer clusters




Environmental challenges of the Pacific Islands




Environmental determinism




Environmental economics




Environmental education




Environmental effects of coal mining and coal burning




Environmental engineering




Environmental ethics




Environmental hazards of shantytowns




Environmental health




Environmental health of the Nile River




Environmental illnesses




Environmental impact assessments and statements




Environmental impact of genetically altered bacteria




Environmental impact of killer bees




Environmental Impact of Mount Tambora Eruption




Environmental impact of zebra mussels




Environmental impacts of desalination




Environmental impacts of raising cattle




Environmental impacts of road systems and freeways




Environmental justice and environmental racism




Environmental law, international




Environmental law, U.S.




Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and public health




Environmental refugees




Environmental security




Environmental torts




Erosion and erosion control




Ethanol




European Diploma of Protected Areas




European Environment Agency (EEA)




European environmental policies




European Green parties




Eutrophication




Evacuation of Times Beach, Missouri




Everglades preservation




Externalities




Extinctions and species loss




Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)




Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA)




First animal clone and its implications




Fish and Wildlife Act




Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S.




Fish kills




Fisheries and environmentalism




Flavr Savr tomato




Flood Control Act (FCA)




Floodplains and environmental threats




Floods




Fluoridation




Food and Agriculture Organization




Food chains




Food irradiation




Food quality regulation




Foreman, Dave




Forest and range policy




Forest management




Forest Service, U.S.




Forest Summit




Fossey, Dian




Fossil fuels and environmental degradation




Franklin Dam opposition




Free market environmentalism




Friends of the Earth International




Gaia hypothesis




Ganges River




Garbology




Gasoline and gasoline additives




Gene patents




General Mining Act




Genetically altered bacteria




Genetically engineered pharmaceuticals




Genetically modified foods




Genetically modified organisms and environmentalism




Geoengineering




Geographic information systems




Geothermal energy




Gibbons, Euell




Gibbs, Lois




Gila Wilderness




Gill nets and drift nets




Glacial melting




Glen Canyon Dam




Global Biodiversity Assessment




Global Environment Facility




Global ReLeaf




Global warming




Globalization




Gore, Al




Grand Canyon and pollution




Grand Coulee Dam




Grazing & grasslands




Great Barrier Reef and preservation efforts




Great Lakes International Joint Commission (IJC)




Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge




Green buildings




Green marketing




Green movement and Green parties




Green Plan




Green Revolution




Greenbelts




Greenhouse effect




Greenhouse gases and air pollution




Greenpeace




Greenwashing




Groundwater pollution




Group of Ten




Gulf War oil burning




Gyres and climate change




Habitat destruction




Habitats & biomes




Hanford Nuclear Reservation




Hansen, James E.




Hardin, Garrett




Hawk’s Nest Tunnel disaster




Hazardous and toxic substance regulation




Hazardous waste




Health problems caused by exposure to lead




Heat islands




Heat pumps




Heavy metals




Hetch Hetchy Dam




High-yield wheat




Homestead Act




Hoover Dam




Horizontal gene transfer




Hunting and environmental regulation




Hurricanes and Typhoons




Hybrid vehicles




Hydroelectricity




Hydrogen economy




Impact of dredging on water quality and bottom-dwelling organisms




Impact of ocean currents on global climate




Incineration of waste products




Inconvenient Truth, An




Indicator species




Indigenous peoples and nature preservation




Indoor air pollution




Industrial Revolution and pollution




Integrated pest management




Intensive farming




Intergenerational justice




Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change




Internal combustion engines




International Atomic Energy Agency




International Biological Program (IBP)




International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling




International effort to save condors from extinction




International environmental law




International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)




International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)




International Union for Conservation of Nature




International whaling ban




International Whaling Commission (IWC)




Introduced and exotic species




Iron fertilization




Irrigation




Italian dioxin release




Ivory trade




Japan’s Ashio copper mine




Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development




John Muir Trail




Kaibab Plateau deer disaster




Kalahari Desert




Kesterson Reservoir




Khian Sea incident




Kings Canyon and Sequoia national parks




Kleppe v. New Mexico




Krakatoa eruption environmental impact




Kudzu




Kyoto Protocol




Land clearance




Land pollution




Landfills




Landscape architecture




Land-use planning




Land-use policy




Leachates in landfills




League of Conservation Voters (LCV)




Leopold, Aldo




Life-cycle assessment




Light pollution




Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT)




Limits to Growth, The




Logging and clear-cutting




London Convention of 1933




London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution




London smog disaster




Los Angeles Aqueduct




Love Canal disaster




Lovejoy, Thomas E.




Lovelock, James




Lovins, Amory




Maathai, Wangari




Mad cow disease




Malathion in aerial spraying programs




Malthus, Thomas Robert




Manabe, Syukuro




Marine debris




Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA)




Marsh, George Perkins




Marshall, Robert




Mather, Stephen T




McToxics Campaign




Medfly spraying




Mediterranean Blue Plan




Mendes, Chico




Mercury




Mercury releases in Oak Ridge, Tennessee




Methane as a greenhouse gas




Methyl parathion (pesticide)




Migratory Bird Act




Mine reclamation




Mobro barge incident




Molina, Mario




Monkeywrenching




Monoculture




Monoculture farming




Monongahela River tank collapse




Montreal Protocol




Mountain gorillas




Muir, John




Multiple-use management




Mumford, Lewis




Municipal mandates on open spaces




Nader, Ralph




Naess, Arne




Nanotechnology and the environment




Narmada Valley Development Project




National Audubon Society and wildlife preservation




National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy (SANE)




National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)




National Forest Management Act (NFMA)




National forests




National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration




National Parks and the environment




National Trails System Act




National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act (NWRSAA)




Natural burial




Natural capital




Natural Resources Conservation Service




Natural Resources Defense Council




Nature Conservancy




Nature preservation policy




Neutron bomb (environmental impact)




New urbanism




NIMBYism




Nitrogen oxides as pollutants




Noise pollution




Nonpolluting benefits of bicycles




North American Free Trade Agreement




North America’s environmental policies




North Sea radioactive cargo sinking




Nuclear accidents




Nuclear and radioactive waste




Nuclear fusion process (environmental impact)




Nuclear plant releases in Rocky Flats, Colorado




Nuclear power industry and the environment




Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)




Nuclear regulatory policy




Nuclear testing




Nuclear weapons production




Nuclear winter




Ocean dumping




Ocean life and rising water temperatures




Ocean pollution




Odor pollution




Oil crises and oil embargoes




Oil drilling




Oil shale and tar sands




Oil spills




Olmsted, Frederick Law




Open spaces




Operation Backfire




Organic gardening & farming




Osborn, Henry Fairfield, Jr.




Ostrom, Elinor




Our Common Future, The Brundtland Report




Overconsumption




Overgrazing of livestock




Ozone depletion and ozone holes




Paclitaxel (drug)




Pandemics




Passenger pigeon extinction




PEMEX oil well leak




People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)




Pesticides and herbicides (environmental impact)




Pets and the pet trade




Photovoltaic cells




Pinchot, Gifford




Planned communities




Planned obsolescence




Plastics




Poaching




Poaching of mountain gorillas




Polluter pays principle




Pollution of Lake Baikal




Pollution of Lake Erie




Pollution of the Danube River




Pollution of the Mississippi River




Pollution permit trading




Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)




Population Connection




Population growth and environmental impact




Population-control and one-child policies




Population-control movement




Positive feedback and tipping points




Powell, John Wesley




Power plants




Precautionary principle




Predator management




Preservation




Preservation of old-growth forests




Preservation of the snail darter




Price-Anderson Act




Privatization movements (environmental)




Property rights movement




Public opinion and the environment




Public trust doctrine




Pulp and paper mills




Race-to-the-bottom hypothesis




Radiation from Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings




Radioactive pollution and fallout




Radon as a health hazard




Rainforest Action Network (RAN)




Rainwater harvesting




Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance




Range management




Reclamation Act




Recycling




Refuse-derived fuel




Renewable energy




Renewable resources




Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)




Resource depletion




Resource management in Asia




Resource recovery




Restoration ecology




Revised Statute 2477




Rhine Action Programme




Rhine River




Right-to-know legislation




Rio Declaration on Environment and Development




Riparian rights




Risk assessment and the environment




Roadless Area Conservation Rule




Rocky Mountain Arsenal




Rowell, Galen




Rowland, Frank Sherwood




Runoff, agricultural




Runoff, urban




Rural gentrification




Sacramento River pesticide spill




Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)




Sagebrush Rebellion




Sale, Kirkpatrick




Santa Barbara oil spill




Save the Whales Campaign




Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission




Schumacher, E. F.




Sea Empress oil spill




Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS)




Sea turtles




Seabed disposal




Seabed mining




Seal hunting




Sea-level changes




Secondhand smoke




Sedimentation




Seed banks




Selective breeding




Septic systems




Severe and anomalous weather in recent decades




Severe storms




Sewage treatment and disposal




Shark finning




Sick building syndrome (SBS)




Sierra Club




Sierra Club v. Morton




Silent Spring Publication and Response




Silicosis




Silkwood, Karen




Singer, Peter




SL-1 reactor accident




Slash-and-burn agriculture




Sludge treatment and disposal




Smallpox eradication




Smart grids and renewable energy




Snyder, Gary




Social ecology




Soil conservation




Soil contamination




Soil salinization




Solar automobile racing




Solar energy




Solar One




Solar radiation management




Solar water heaters




Solid waste management policy




Soviet nuclear submarine sinking




Soviet Plan for the Transformation of Nature




Space debris




Spaceship Earth metaphor




Speciesism




St. Lawrence Seaway




Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants




Stormwater management




Stringfellow Acid Pits




Strip and surface mining




Strip farming




Subsistence use




Sulfur oxides




Sun Day




Superfund legislation




Superphénix nuclear reactor




Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA)




Sustainable agriculture




Sustainable development




Sustainable forestry




Sydney Tar Ponds




Synthetic fuels




Tansley, Arthur G.




Taylor Grazing Act




Tellico Dam




Temperature inversion in Donora, Pennsylvania




Tennessee Valley Authority




Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill




Teton Dam collapse




The Global 2000 Report




Thermal pollution




Thermohaline circulation




Thoreau, Henry David




Three Gorges Dam




Three Mile Island nuclear accident




Tidal energy




Tobago oil spill




Torrey Canyon oil spill




Tragedy of the commons




Trans-Alaska Pipeline




Trans-Siberian Pipeline




Turtle excluder devices




U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM)




U.S. Climate Action Partnership (USCAP)




U.S. Conference of Mayors Climate Protection Agreement




U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)




U.S. National Park Service (NPS)




Union of Concerned Scientists




United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD)




United Nations Conference on the Human Environment




United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)




United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)




United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)




United Nations Environment Programme




United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change




United Nations population conferences




Urban ecology




Urban parks




Urban planning




Urban runoff




Urban sprawl




Vegetarianism




Vernadsky, Vladimir




Volatile organic compounds




Volcanoes and weather




Vulnerability of the Maldive Islands to rises in sea level




Waste management




Waste treatment




Wastewater management




Water conservation




Water loss in Mono Lake




Water management of the Klamath River




Water pollution




Water quality




Water rights




Water treatment




Water use




Water-pollution policy




Water-saving toilets




Watershed management




Watson, Paul




Watt, James




Weather modification




Wells




Welsh mining disaster




Wetlands




Wetlands and sea-level rise




Whaling




White, Lynn Townsend, Jr.




Wild and Scenic Rivers Act




Wilderness Act




Wilderness areas




Wilderness Society




Wildfires




Wildlife management




Wildlife refuges




Wilmut, Ian




Wilson, Edward O




Wind energy




Windscale radiation release




Wise-use movement




Wolman, Abel




World Fertility Survey (WFS)




World Health Organization




World Heritage Convention




World Resources Institute




World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD)




World Trade Organization




World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)




World Wilderness Congresses (WWC)




Worldwatch Institute




Yellowstone National Park




Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository




Zahniser, Howard Clinton




Zapovednik system




Zoning laws




Zoos’ involvement in wildlife conservation




Timeline of American Environmentalism




Key figures in environmentalism




U.S. federal laws concerning the environment




Directory of U.S. National Parks




Major world national parks and protected areas




Environmental organizations