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Encyclopedia of Climate Change, Third Edition

Table of Contents

Volume 1



Publisher’s Note


Introduction


Contributors


Abbreviations and Acronyms


Common Units of Measure


Complete List of Contents


Categorized List of Contents


Abrupt climate change


Adiabatic processes


Advancement of Sound Science Center (TASSC)


Aerosols


Agassiz, Louis


Agenda 21


Agriculture and the environment


Agroforestry


Air conditioning and air-cooling technology


Air pollution and pollutants: anthropogenic


Air pollution and pollutants: natural


Air pollution history


Air quality standards and measurement


Air travel


Albedo feedback


Alkalinity


Alleroed oscillation


Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS)


Amazon deforestation and global warming


American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)


American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)


American Astronomical Society (AAS)


American Chemical Society (ACS)


American Enterprise Institute (AEI)


American Geophysical Union (AGU)


American Institute of Physics (AIP)


American Meteorological Society (AMS)


American Physical Society (APS)


Amphibians


Animal husbandry practices


Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol


Antarctic Treaty


Antarctica: threats and responses


Anthropogenic climate change


Anthropogeomorphology


Aral Sea desiccation


Arctic


Arctic peoples


Arctic seafloor claims


Arrhenius, Gustaf


Arrhenius, Svante August


Asia-Pacific Partnership


Asthma


Atlantic heat conveyor


Atlantic multidecadal oscillation


Atmosphere


Atmospheric boundary layer


Atmospheric chemistry


Atmospheric dynamics


Atmospheric rivers


Atmospheric structure and evolution


Australia


Automobile technology


Average weather


Axelrod, Daniel


Bakken Formation


Bangladesh


Barrier islands and global warming


Basel Convention


Baseline emissions


Bayesian method


Benefits of climate policy


Bennett, Hugh Hammond


Berlin Mandate


Biodiversity and climate change


Bioethics and global warming


Biofuels


Biotechnology


Bowen’s ratio


Brazil


Brundtland Commission and report


Budongo Forest Project


Byrd-Hagel Resolution


California


Canada


Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS)


Canaries in the coal mine


Carbon


Carbon: atom for atom


Carbon cycle


Carbon dioxide


Carbon dioxide equivalent


Carbon dioxide fertilization


Carbon dioxide over earth’s surface


Carbon equivalent


Carbon footprint


Carbon 4 plants


Carbon isotopes


Carbon monoxide


Carbon taxes


Carbon 3 plants


Carbonaceous aerosols


Carson, Rachel


Catalytic converters


Catastrophist-Cornucopian debate


Cato Institute


Cement and concrete


Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change


Certified emissions reduction


Charcoal


Chemical industry


Chernobyl and climate change


China, People’s Republic of


Chlorofluorocarbons and related compounds


Cities for Climate Protection


Civilization and the environment


Clathrates


Clean Air Acts, U.S.


Clean development mechanism


Clean energy


Climate and the climate system


Climate change and global warming


Climate Change Science Program, U.S.


Climate change skeptics


Climate engineering


Climate feedback


Climate lag


Climate models and modeling


Climate prediction and projection


Climate Project, The


Climate reconstruction


Climate sensitivity


Climate variability


Climate zones


Climatology


Clouds and cloud feedback


Coal


Coal seam fires


Coastal impacts of global climate change


Coastline changes


Collapse (Book)


Colorado river transformation


Competitive Enterprise Institute


Composting


Conservation and preservation


Conservatism


Conspiracy theories


Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)


Continental climate


Contrails


Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)


Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)


Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)


Cooler Heads Coalition


Coriolis effect


Cosmic rays


Cryosphere


Damages: market and nonmarket


Dating methods


Day After Tomorrow, The (Film)


Deforestation


Deglaciation


Desalination of seawater


Desertification


Deserts


Dew point


Diatoms


Diseases


Displaced persons and refugees


Dolphins and porpoises


Downscaling


Drought


Dust storms and global warming


Earth history


Earth motions


Earth structure and development


Earth summits


Earthquakes


Easter Island


Eastern Europe


Ecocentrism vs. technocentrism


Ecological Impact of Global Climate Change


Economics of Global Climate Change


Ecosystems


Ecotaxation


Ecoterrorism


Education about global climate change


8.2ka event


Ekman transport and pumping


El Niño-Southern Oscillation and global warming


Elton, Charles Sutherland


Emiliani, Cesare


Emission Scenario


Emissions standards


Employment


Endangered and threatened species


Energy efficiency


Energy from waste


Energy Policy Act of 1992


Energy resources and global warming


Engineers Australia


Enhanced greenhouse effect


Environmental economics


Environmental law


Environmental movement


Estuaries


Ethanol


Europe and the European Union


Evapotranspiration


Extinctions and mass extinctions


Extreme weather events


Eyjafjallajökull


Volume 2



Faculae


Falsifiability rule


Famine from global warming


Fire


Fishing industry, fisheries, and fish farming


Flood barriers, movable


Floods and flooding


Florida


Fog


Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)


Forcing mechanisms


Forestry and forest management


Forests


Fossil fuel emissions


Fossil fuel reserves


Fossil fuels and global warming


Fracking


France


Fraser Institute


Freshwater


Friends of Science Society


Friends of the Earth (FoE)


Fronts


Fuels, alternative


Fukushima Daiichi and climate change


Gaia hypothesis


Gasoline prices


The “Gates of Hell” firepit


General circulation models


Geographic information systems in climatology


Geoid


Geological Society of America (GSA)


George C. Marshall Institute


Geothermal energy


Germany


Glacial Lake Agassiz


Glaciations


Glaciers


Glacken, Clarence J.


Global climate


Global Climate Coalition


Global cooling event of 535-547 CE


Global dimming


Global economy and climate change


Global energy balance


Global Environment Facility (GEF)


Global monitoring


Global surface temperature


Global warming hiatus


Global warming potential


Gore, Al


Greenhouse effect


Greenhouse gas protocol


Greenhouse gases and global warming


Greening Earth Society


Greenland ice cap


Greenpeace


Ground ice


Groundwater


Group of 77 and China


Gulf Stream


Gyres


Hadley circulation


Halocarbons


Halons


Health impacts of global warming


Heartland Institute


Heat capacity


Heat content


Heat vs. temperature


Heritage Foundation


Heterotrophic respiration


High global warming potential


High Park Group


Holocene climate


Hubbert’s peak


Human behavior change


Human migration


Humidity


Hybrid automobiles


Hydroelectricity


Hydrofluorocarbons


Hydrogen power


Hydrologic cycle


Hydrosphere


Ice cores


Ice shelves


Ice-out studies


Inconvenient Truth, An (Book and Film)


India


Industrial ecology


Industrial emission controls


Industrial greenhouse emissions


Industrial Revolution and global warming


Information Council on the Environment (ICE)


Institute for Trade, Standards, and Sustainable Development (ITSSD)


Intergenerational equity


Interglacials


Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)


Intergovernmental Panel on Forests (IPF)


International agreements and cooperation


International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)


International Council for Science (ICS)


International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme


International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change


International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)


International Policy Network


International Union for Conservation of Nature


International waters


Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone


Invasive exotic species


Iran


Islands


Isostasy


Italy


Japan


Jet stream


Journalism and journalistic ethics


Kilimanjaro


Kyoto lands


Kyoto mechanisms


Kyoto Protocol


La Niña


Lamb, Hubert Horace


Land use and reclamation


Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)


Latent heat flux


Lavoisier Group


Levees


Level of scientific understanding


Liberalism


Libertarianism


Lichens


Liming


Limits to Growth, The (Book)


Lithosphere


Little Ice Age (LIA)


Louisiana coast


Maldives


Malthus, Thomas Robert


Manabe, Syukuro


Mangroves


Marginal seas


Maritime climate


Marsh, George Perkins


Mass balance


Mauna Loa Record


Mean sea level


Media


Medieval Warm Period (MWP)


Mediterranean climate


Mediterranean Sea


Megacities


Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)


Mesosphere


Meteorology


Methane


Mexico


Microwave sounding units


Middle East


Milanković, Milutin


Military implications of global warming


Minerals and mining


Modes of climate variability


Mold spores


Monsoons


Montreal Protocol


Motor vehicles


Mount Pinatubo


Mount Toba eruption


National Center for Policy Analysis


National Climate Program Act


National Research Council (NRC)


Natural Resources Stewardship Project (NRSP)


Netherlands


New Orleans


Nitrogen cycle


Nitrogen fertilization


Nitrous oxide


Noctilucent clouds


Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC)


Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) and Climate Change


Nonlinear processes


North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)


North Korea


Northwest Passage


Nuclear energy


Nuclear winter


Obama administration efforts on climate change


Ocean acidification


Ocean disposal


Ocean dynamics


Ocean life


Ocean-atmosphere coupling


Offsetting


Oil industry


Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine (OISM)


Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)


Oxygen isotopes


Oxygen, atmospheric


Ozone


Paleoclimates and paleoclimate change


Parameterization


Particulates


Peer review


Penguins


Perfluorocarbons


Permafrost


Pesticides and pest management


Petroleum hydrocarbons in the ocean


pH


Phosphorus cycle


Photosynthesis


Pinchot, Gifford


Planetary atmospheres and evolution


Plankton


Plate tectonics


Pleistocene climate


Poland


Polar bears


Polar climate


Polar stratospheric clouds


Polar vortex


Pollen analysis


Polluter pays principle


Popular culture


Population growth


Portfolio analysis


Poverty and climate change


Precautionary approach


Preindustrial society


Pseudoscience and junk science


Volume 3



Radiative damping


Radiative forcing


Rainfall patterns


Ramsar Convention


Reason Public Policy Institute


Reefs


Regional, local, and microclimates


Religious Right


Renewable energy


Reservoirs, pools, and stocks


Residence time


Response time


Revelle, Roger


Rowland, F. Sherwood


Rural air quality


Russian Federation


Sahara Desert


Sahel drought


Saltwater intrusion


Santorini (Thera)


Saudi Arabia


Sauer, Carl


Schumacher, E. F.


Science and Public Policy Institute


Scientific Alliance


Scientific credentials


Scientific proof


Sea ice


Sea sediments


Sea surface temperatures


Sea-level change


Seasonal changes


Second Assessment Report


Security


Seesaw: polar (or bipolar)


Sequestration


Siberian river diversion proposal


Sierra Club


Sinks


Skin cancer


Slab-ocean model


Soil erosion


Solar cycle


Solar energy


SourceWatch


South Africa


South Korea


Speculative fiction and climate change


Stockholm Declaration


Storm surges


Stratigraphy Commission of the Geological Society of London


Stratosphere


Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA)


Sulfate aerosols


Sulfur cycle


Sulfur hexafluoride


Sun


Sun protection


Sunspots


Supreme Court and climate change


Sustainable development


Technological change


Thermocline


Thermohaline Circulation (THC)


Thermosphere


Thoreau, Henry David


Thunderstorms


Tidal power


Tire fires


Tornadoes


Trace gases


Transportation


Tree-planting programs


Tree rings


Tropical climate


Tropical storms


Troposphere


Tsunamis


Tundra


Tuvalu


2015 El Niño


Ukraine


Ultraviolet radiation


Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS)


United Kingdom


United Nations Climate Change Conference


United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)


United Nations Conference on the Human Environment


United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)


United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)


United Nations Division for Sustainable Development (DSD)


United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)


United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)


United States


United States Climate Action Report, 2002


United States energy policy


United States legislation


Urban heat island (UHI)


Venice


Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)


Volcanic CO2 vs. anthropogenic CO2


Volcanoes


Walker circulation


Walker, Gilbert


Water quality


Water resources, global


Water resources, North American


Water rights


Water vapor


Wave power and global warming


Weather forecasting


Weather vs. climate


Wegener, Alfred


Western Fuels Association


Wetlands


WGII LESS scenarios


Whales


Wind power


World Bank


World Health Organization (WHO)


World Heritage Sites


World Meteorological Organization (WMO)


World Trade Organization (WTO)


Younger Dryas


Mediagraphy


Time Line


Glossary


General Bibliography


Web Sites