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Principles of Geology

Table of Contents

Publisher’s Note




Introduction




Contributors




Andesitic Rocks




Aquifers




Asteroids




Athabasca Oil Sands




Basaltic Rocks




Batholiths




Beaches and Coastal Processes




Biogenic Sedimentary Rocks




Bolides




Boltwood Uses Radioactivity to Determine Ages of Rocks




Carbonate Compensation Depths




Carbonate Minerals




Carbonatites




Clays




Clays and Clay Minerals




Contact Metamorphism




Coriolis Effect




Crystals




The “Deep-Impact” Mission: Geology of a Comet




Deep-Sea Sedimentation




Deglaciation




Deltas




Desert Landforms




Desert Pavement




Desertification




Deserts




Diagenesis




Diamond




Diatomite




Doell and Dalrymple Discover the Magnetic Reversals of Earth’s Poles




Drainage Basins




Earthquake Prediction




Earthquakes




Earth’s Crust




Earth’s Internal Structure




Earth’s Moon




Economic Geology




Engineering Seismology




Evaporites




External Processes




Extraterrestrial Resources




Floods




Fluvial and Karst Processes




The Gaia Hypothesis




Gem Minerals




Geochemical Cycles




Geologic Timescale




Geology




German Meteor Expedition Discovers the Mid-Atlantic Ridge




Glaciations




Glaciers




Gondwanaland and Laurasia




Granitic Rocks




Gutenberg Discovers Earth’s Mantle-Outer Core Boundary




Heezen and Ewing Discover the Midoceanic Ridge




Hess, Harry Hammond




Hess Identifies the Cause of Continental Drift




Hutton Proposes the Geological Theory of Uniformitarianism




Igneous Processes, Rocks, and Mineral Deposits




Internal Geologic Processes




International System of Units




Kimberlites




Lehmann Discovers Earth’s Inner Core




Limestone




Lithosphere




Lomonosov Issues the First Catalog of Minerals




Lunar Exploration




Magma Crystallization




Marble




Mars Exploration Rovers




Mean Sea Level




Metamictization




Metamorphic Processes, Rocks, and Mineral Deposits




Mineralization and Hydrothermal Solutions




Mineralogy




Mohs Hardness Scale




Mountain Building




Nesosilicates and Sorosilicates




New Horizons Pluto-Kuiper Belt Mission




Nonsilicates




Nucleosynthesis




Ocean Acidification




Ocean Margins




Oceans’ Origin




Oil Shale and Tar Sands




Oldham and Mohorovičić Discover Earth’s Interior Structure




Ophiolites




Orbicular Rocks




Paleontology




Physical Properties of Rocks




Placer Deposits




Planet Formation




Planetary Exploration




Planetary Interiors




Plate Tectonics




Plutonic Rocks and Mineral Deposits




Pumice




Pyroclastic Flows




Quartz and Silica




Reefs




Regional Metamorphism




Richter, Charles Francis




Richter Develops a Scale for Measuring Earthquake Strength




Riverbed Forms




Salt Domes




Sand and Gravel




Sandstone




Seafloor Spreading




Secondary Enrichment of Mineral Deposits




Sedimentary Processes, Rocks, and Mineral Deposits




Shale




Silicates




Siliciclastic Rocks




Slate




Soils




Steno Presents His Theories of Fossils and Dynamic Geology




Streams and Rivers




Structure and Physical Properties of Minerals




Subduction and Orogeny




Sub-Seafloor Metamorphism




Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre




Turbidity Currents and Submarine Fans




Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism




Ultrapotassic Rocks




Volcanoes




Weathering




Wegener, Alfred




Wegener Proposes the Theory of Continental Drift




Xenoliths




Zeolites




Bibliography




Glossary




Organizations