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Defining Documents in World History: The Ancient World (2700 B.C.E.–c.500 C.E.)

Table of Contents

Publisher's Note




Editor's Introduction




Contributors




Mesopotamia




Umma and Lagash, Sumer




“A Hymn to Inana”




The Advice of an Akkadian Father to His Son




Proverbs from Sumer




Code of Hammurabi




Enuma Elish—The Babylonian Creation




Babylonian Proverbs




From the Epic of Gilgamesh




Egypt and Environs




“A Hymn of Praise to Ra When He Riseth”




“Hymn to Osiris,” from the Egyptian Book of the Dead




Description of the Ethiopians




The Selection of Aspalta as King of Kush




Asia: China and India




Excerpt from The Art of War, Chapter 1




The Doctrine of the Mean, Section 2




Excerpts from the Dao De Jing




“Lessons for Women”




The Edicts of King Ashoka




The Duties of a King, from the Arthashastra




The Laws of Manu, Chapter 1




Excerpt from the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 1




Greece




Excerpts from the Law Code of Gortyn, Ancient Crete




Pericles' Funeral Oration




Excerpt from the History of the Peloponnesian War




Excerpt from Anabasis, or “March Up Country”




The Athenian Constitution, Section 1




Requirements for a Physician




Excerpt from “The Training of Children”




Gladiator Games in the Reign of Emperor Caligula




Rome




Advice for Keeping Slaves in Ancient Rome




Letter from Cicero to Atticus




The Romans Destroy the Temple at Jerusalem




Vespasian's Triumph Following the Vanquishing of the Jews




A Tour of Ancient Rome




Seeking Advice from Emperor Trajan Regarding the Christians




Excerpt from Meditations, Book I




Description of the Devastation of Rome




Distant Lands




Description of the Druids




A Fourth-Century Description of the Huns




Dining with Attila the Hun




Creation Story of the Maya, from the Popol Vuh




Chronological List




Web Resources




Bibliography