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Great Events from History: The Twentieth Century, 1971-2000

Table of Contents

Drive-Through Services Proliferate




Growth of Organic Farming




Retailers Control Inventory Shrinkage with Computer Technology




Spanish Art Thrives After Years of Suppression




Women’s Military Roles Expand




Canadian Activists Found Greenpeace




Direct Transoceanic Dialing Begins




Earthwatch Is Founded




Federal Trade Commission Begins to Endorse Comparative Advertising




New York State Allows Offtrack Betting




Paclitaxel Is Extracted from Pacific Yew Trees




United States Suffers Its First Trade Deficit Since 1888




Civil Rights Groups Investigate the FBI and CIA




Animal Welfare Institute Launches the “Save the Whales” Campaign




Amin Regime Terrorizes Uganda




Relevance Programs Change Entertainment Standards




All in the Family Confronts Controversial Issues




Dedication of Egypt’s Asw?n High Dam




Rolls-Royce Declares Bankruptcy




Swiss Women Gain the Right to Vote




Guare’s The House of Blue Leaves Joins Naturalistic and Nonrepresentational Theater




U.S. Supreme Court Bans Discrimination in Hiring




Incarcerated Mental Patients Gain Right to Treatment




Bangladesh Secedes from Pakistan




Sri Lankans Agitate for Political Reform




Russians Launch the Salyut Space Station




U.S. Supreme Court Endorses Busing to End School Segregation




Baby Doc Succeeds Papa Doc in Haiti




U.S. Advertising Industry Organizes Self-Regulation




Mars 2 Is the First Spacecraft to Impact Mars




Mariner 9 Is the First Spacecraft to Orbit Another Planet




Pentagon Papers Case




U.S. Supreme Court Establishes the Lemon Test




U.S. Voting Age Is Lowered to Eighteen




Independent Agency Takes Over U.S. Postal Service




The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour Brings Glitz to Television




Audiences Embrace Mortimer’s A Voyage Round My Father




Devaluation of the Dollar




Bahrain and Qatar Achieve Independence




Bánzer Seizes Power in Bolivian Coup




Heavy Rains Flood the Red River Delta




Prisoners Riot Against Conditions in Attica




Commoner Publishes The Closing Circle




Jesus Christ Superstar Establishes the Rock Opera




People’s Republic of China Is Seated at the United Nations




Tomlinson Sends the First E-Mail




Led Zeppelin Merges Hard Rock and Folk Music




Intel Introduces the First “Computer on a Chip”




Native Alaskans Are Compensated for Their Land




United Nations Declares Rights for the Mentally Retarded




Fungicide-Tainted Grain Poisons Thousands of Iraqis




AFL-CIO Recognizes the United Farm Workers




Club of Rome Issues The Limits to Growth




Star Trek Becomes a Cult Classic




Worldwide Droughts Bring Famine




World Fertility Survey Is Conducted




“Bloody Sunday” in Northern Ireland




Nixon Opens Trade with China




U.S. Congress Updates Water Pollution Law




Manley Becomes Prime Minister of Jamaica




Pioneer 10 Explores Jupiter and the Outer Planets




Coppola’s Godfather Trilogy Explores Organized Crime




Nike Produces Its First Running Shoe




ERA Passes Congress but Falls Short of Ratification




U.S. Congress Mandates Equal Employment Opportunity




Ward and Dubos Publish Only One Earth




Professional Baseball Players Go on Strike




Nations Agree to Rules on Biological Weapons




Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement Is Signed




Environmentalists Are Defeated in Sierra Club v. Morton




Hounsfield Introduces the CAT Scan




Trudeau’s Doonesbury Offers Political Commentary




Burundi Commits Genocide of Hutu Majority




United States Hands Okinawa to Japan




U.S. Supreme Court Protects Home Schooling




SALT I Is Signed




United Nations Holds an Environmental Conference in Stockholm




Watergate Affair




U.S. Supreme Court Abolishes the Death Penalty




Launch of the First Earth Resources Technology Satellite




Gell-Mann Formulates the Theory of Quantum Chromodynamics




Cod Wars




Arab Terrorists Murder Israelis at Munich Olympics




U.S. Loss to the Soviet Union Sparks Basketball Controversy




M*A*S*H Reflects Antiwar Sentiments




Marcos Declares Martial Law in the Philippines




Texas Instruments Introduces the Pocket Calculator




Janowsky Publishes His Theory of Manic Depression




Oregon Bans Nonrefillable Bottles




Trail of Broken Treaties




U.S. Congress Expands Pesticide Regulations




U.S. Congress Protects Coasts and Marine Sanctuaries




U.S. Government Regulates Noise Pollution




Nixon Signs Law to Protect Consumer Safety




U.S. Government Bans DDT




Cohen and Boyer Develop Recombinant DNA Technology




Invention of the Plastic Soda Bottle




ITT Actions Cause Suspicion of Involvement in a Chilean Coup




Schumacher Publishes Small Is Beautiful




The Gulag Archipelago Exposes Soviet Atrocities




Cousteau Society Is Founded




U.S. Supreme Court Expands Women’s Reproductive Rights




Vietnam Releases U.S. Prisoners of War




Ecology Party Is Founded in Great Britain




Organic Molecules Are Discovered in Comet Kohoutek




Native Americans Occupy Wounded Knee




Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow Is Published




U.S. Troops Leave Vietnam




Tharp Stages Deuce Coupe for the Joffrey Ballet




International Convention Protects Endangered Species




Iran Announces Nationalization of Foreign Oil Interests




Chipko Movement Protects India’s Forests




First Cellular Phone Call




Opening of the World Trade Center




Federal Express Begins Operations




Skylab Inaugurates a New Era of Space Research




Détente with the Soviet Union




Secretariat Wins the Triple Crown




East and West Germany Establish Diplomatic Relations




Military Rule Comes to Democratic Uruguay




Northern Ireland Witnesses Passage of the Emergency Provisions Act




Habyarimana Overthrows President Kayibanda




European Space Agency Is Formed




Wonder Releases Innervisions




Caribbean Community and Common Market Is Established




Chilean Military Overthrows Allende




Tennis’s Battle of the Sexes




U.S. Congress Responds to Demands of Persons with Disabilities




Yom Kippur War




Arab Oil Producers Curtail Oil Shipments to Industrial States




Mariner 10 Uses the Gravitational Pull of One Planet to Reach Another




U.S. Congress Overrides Presidential Veto to Pass the War Powers Act




West Germany Bans Immigration of Workers from Outside the EEC




United Nations Sanctions South Africa for Apartheid




Rowland and Molina Theorize That Freon Causes Ozone Depletion




American Psychiatric Association Delists Homosexuality as a Psychiatric Disorder




The Exorcist Epitomizes 1970’s Horror Films




U.S. Congress Protects Endangered Species




Nixon Signs HMOs into Law




Automakers Introduce the Catalytic Converter




D’Eaubonne Coins the Term “Ecofeminism”




Heilbroner Predicts Growth Limits




Medical Group Exposes Torture in Greece and Chile




Portugal Grants Independence to Its African Colonies




United States Plans to Cut Dependence on Foreign Oil




Worldwatch Institute Is Founded




Punk’s Antifashion Style First Appears




Sick Building Syndrome Is Recognized




World Football League’s Challenge to the National Football League Fails




Happy Days Exemplifies Escapist Television




U.S. Supreme Court Mandates Bilingual Education




U.S. Congress Protects Children Against Abuse




Military Junta Comes to Power in Ethiopia




Soviet Union Expels Solzhenitsyn




Clay Soldiers Are Discovered in China




Optical Pulses Shorter than One Trillionth of a Second Are Produced




Pirsig Publishes Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance




Aaron Breaks Ruth’s Home Run Record




India Joins the Nuclear Club




Tunable, Continuous-Wave Visible Lasers Are Developed




IRA Terrorists Bomb British Parliament




Use of Bar Codes Proliferates




Cyprus Crisis Erupts




Nixon Resigns from the U.S. Presidency




U.S. Congress Revises Resource Management




United States Grants Amnesty to Vietnam War Draft Evaders




U.S. Congress Protects Employee Benefits




Dalí Museum Opens in Spain




Robinson Becomes Baseball’s First African American Manager




U.S. Congress Creates the Commodity Futures Trading Commission




Ali and Foreman Rumble in the Jungle




Anthropologists Discover the Early Hominid “Lucy”




Discovery of the J/psi Subatomic Particle




Dog Soldiers Portrays Vietnam in Fiction




Silkwood Becomes a Symbol for the Antinuclear Movement




U.N. Declaration on Hunger and Malnutrition




U.S. Congress Requires Safe Drinking Water




Denim Jeans Become Accepted as Fashion




Atlantic Salmon Return to the Connecticut River




The Monkey Wrench Gang Advocates “Ecotage”




U.N. Global Environment Monitoring System Is Inaugurated




Players Challenge Baseball’s Reserve Clause




Silverman Rescues ABC Television’s Ratings




Violent Action-Adventure Television Series Flourish




U.S. Congress Expands Eastern Wilderness




U.S. Congress Protects Public Against Hazardous Waste in Transit




U.S. Congress Requires Product Warranties




The Wiz Brings African American Talent to Broadway




The Jeffersons Signals Success of Black Situation Comedies




Marley’s Natty Dread Establishes Reggae’s Popularity




Southern Schools Are Found to Be the Least Racially Segregated




Khmer Rouge Comes to Power in Cambodia




Indo-Chinese Boat People Begin Fleeing Vietnam




Sony Introduces the Betamax




Joplin’s Treemonisha Is Staged by the Houston Opera




Formation of the Economic Community of West African States




World Conference on Women Sets an International Agenda




Jaws Prompts a Wave of Special-Effects Films




Civil Service Decides That Gays Are Fit for Public Service




Apollo-Soyuz Test Project




Helsinki Accords Offer Terms for International Cooperation




U.S. Congress Bans Literacy Tests for Voting




Springsteen’s Born to Run Revives Mainstream Rock




U.S. Congress Admits Women to Armed Services Academies




Tokyo Declaration Forbids Medical Abuses and Torture




Saturday Night Live Is First Broadcast




Soviet Venera Spacecraft Transmit the First Pictures from the Surface of Venus




U.S. Congress Prohibits Discrimination in the Granting of Credit




Sex Pistols Spark Punk Rock’s Musical Insurrection




Dispute over the Western Sahara Erupts in the Green March




Sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald




U.N. Resolution Denounces Zionism




Australian Constitutional Crisis




Forman Adapts One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest for Film




Death of Franco




U.S. Law Provides for Public Education of Disabled Children




East Timor Declares Independence but Is Annexed by Indonesia




United Nations Adopts a Declaration on Disabled Persons’ Rights




United Nations Issues a Declaration Against Torture




Sakharov Is Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize




Hells Canyon Is Preserved as a National Recreation Area




Colombian Guerrilla War Begins




India Adopts Compulsory Birth Control




Kibble Proposes the Theory of Cosmic Strings




Peruvian Guerrilla War Begins




Speech Recognition Machines Master One Thousand Words




Argentina Conducts a “Dirty War” Against Leftists




Mutual Funds Spark Growth of Individual Investments




Wanted! The Outlaws Revitalizes Country Music




Concorde Flies Passengers at Supersonic Speeds




IRA Prisoner Dies After Hunger Strike




Inuit File Claim to a Section of Canadian Territory




First Cray-1 Supercomputer Is Shipped to the Los Alamos National Laboratory




Assassination of King Faisal




Shange’s For Colored Girls . . . Presents the Black Female Psyche




Jobs and Wozniak Found Apple Computer




Genentech Is Founded




Teton Dam Collapses




South African Government Suppresses Soweto Student Rebellion




Canada Joins the G7




Smithsonian Opens the National Air and Space Museum




U.S. Supreme Court Reinstates the Death Penalty




Israeli Raid on Entebbe




Italian Factory Explosion Releases Dioxin




Price Club Introduces the Warehouse Club Concept




Com?neci Receives the First Perfect Score in Olympic Gymnastics




Viking Spacecraft Send Photographs to Earth from Mars




Einstein on the Beach Introduces Minimalist Music to Mainstream Audiences




Mysterious Legionnaires’ Disease Strikes




Deadly Earthquake Strikes China




Land Institute Is Founded to Develop Alternative Grains




Ebola Epidemic Kills First of Many in Africa




Death of Mao Zedong Leads to Reforms in China




EPA Is Charged with Regulating Toxic Chemicals




United States Bans PCBs




Expanded Copyright Law Reflects New Technology




“Cradle-to-Grave” Legislation Covers Hazardous Wastes




Sears Agrees to an FTC Order Banning Bait-and-Switch Tactics




U.S. Congress Secures Lands in the Public Domain




U.S. Congress Limits Forest Clear-Cutting




Atlantic City Legalizes Casino Gambling




Carter Is Elected President




Murdoch Extends His Media Empire to the United States




The Argo Merchant Spills Oil off the New England Coast




Berry Publishes The Unsettling of America




Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents and New Life-Forms Are Discovered




Heeger and MacDiarmid Discover Conducting Polymers




Kohlberg Kravis Roberts Pioneers the Leveraged Buyout




Researchers Develop an Integrated Solar Energy System




Carter Makes Human Rights a Central Theme of Foreign Policy




Soviet Citizen Group Investigates Political Abuses of Psychiatry




Fiber-Optics Revolution




Means Is Ordained by the American Episcopal Church




Roots Dramatizes the African American Experience




Pompidou Center Opens in Paris




Soviets Crack Down on Moscow’s Helsinki Watch Group




Angolan Rebels Invade Shaba Province




Astronomers Discover the Rings of Uranus




Desai Unseats Gandhi as Prime Minister of India




Apple II Becomes the First Successful Preassembled Personal Computer




Allen’s Annie Hall Captures Complexities of 1970’s Life




World Health Organization Sets a Goal of Health for All




First Commercial Test of Fiber-Optic Telecommunications




Star Wars Trilogy Redefines Special Effects




Spain Holds Its First Free Elections Since the Civil War




Zia Establishes Martial Law in Pakistan




Ogaden War Between Somalia and Ethiopia




Alaskan Oil Pipeline Opens




Watson Founds the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society




U.S. Government Regulates Strip Mining




U.S. Congress Creates the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission




Clean Air Act Is Revised




Canada’s Human Rights Act




Voyagers 1 and 2 Explore the Outer Planets




Declaration of Hawaii Addresses the Misuse of Psychiatry




South African Government Kills Biko




Gruentzig Uses Angioplasty to Unclog Diseased Arteries




Last Natural Case of Smallpox Occurs




United Nations Imposes an Arms Embargo on South Africa




Sadat Becomes the First Arab Leader to Visit Israel




Dissident Writer Mihajlov Is Released from Yugoslavian Prison




Amnesty International Is Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize




Two Founders of Peace People Receive the Nobel Peace Prize




Saturday Night Fever Depicts the Disco Craze




AT&T Building Exemplifies Postmodernism




Volkswagen Opens the First Foreign-Owned U.S. Auto Plant




Syrian Bar Association Demands Political Reform in Syria




Rohrer and Binnig Invent the Scanning Tunneling Microscope




Guatemalan Death Squads Target Indigenous Indians




Iranian Revolution




Consumer Product Safety Commission Bans Lead Paints




European Court of Human Rights Rules on Mistreatment of Prisoners




Radioactive Satellite Fragments Land in Canada




International Ultraviolet Explorer Is Launched




Global Positioning System Becomes Operational




Trigger Prices Protect the U.S. Steel Industry




Israel Invades Southern Lebanon




The Amoco Cadiz Runs Aground




Panama Canal Treaties




Terrorists Kidnap and Murder Former Italian Prime Minister




Chlorofluorocarbons Are Banned in the United States




China Promises to Correct Human Rights Abuses




Dallas Popularizes the Prime-Time Soap Opera




Canada’s Immigration Act of 1976




Sun Day Celebration Promotes Solar Energy




Italy Legalizes Abortion




Mormons Approve Ordination of Black Men of African Descent




U.S. Supreme Court Protects the Snail Darter




Shepard’s Buried Child Promotes Off-Broadway Theater




U.S. Supreme Court Bans Racial Quotas in College Admissions




Brown Gives Birth to the First “Test-Tube Baby”




World Conference Condemns Racial Discrimination




Toxic Waste Is Discovered at Love Canal




U.S. Congress Protects Native American Religious Practices




Camp David Accords




International Health Conference Adopts the Declaration of Alma-Ata




Eisner’s A Contract with God Is the First Graphic Novel




John Paul II Becomes Pope




U.S. Congress Requires Ships to Safeguard Marine Environment




Deregulation of the U.S. Airline Industry




U.S. Congress Protects Pregnant Employees




FTC Conducts Hearings on Ads Aimed at Children




U.S. Congress Lifts Regulations from Public Utilities




People’s Temple Members Commit Mass Suicide




Sadat and Begin Receive the Nobel Peace Prize




Singer Is Awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature




Lovelock Publishes Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth




Iran Uses Executions to Establish New Order




United States and China Establish Full Diplomatic Relations




China Invades Vietnam




Scientists Correlate Lead Exposure with Intelligence




Sondheim Uses Operatic Techniques in Sweeney Todd




First Ring Around Jupiter Is Discovered




Three Mile Island Accident




Pakistan Hangs Former Prime Minister Bhutto




Carter Orders Deregulation of Oil Prices




Idi Amin Flees Uganda




U.N. Declaration Condemns Apartheid




Thatcher Becomes First Woman to Serve as British Prime Minister




Clark Is Elected Canada’s Prime Minister




Sagebrush Rebellion Begins




SALT II Is Signed




U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Affirmative Action Programs




Sony Introduces the Walkman




Saddam Hussein Takes Power in Iraq




Somoza Is Forced Out of Power in Nicaragua




Oil Tankers Collide near Tobago




Ancient Sanctuary Is Discovered in El Juyo Cave




China Announces Birthrate Reduction Plans




Apocalypse Now Expresses Antiwar Cynicism




United Nations Issues a Conduct Code for Law-Enforcement Officials




VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software Is Marketed




Gay Rights March in Washington




South Korean President Is Assassinated




Iranian Revolutionaries Hold Americans Hostage




Mother Teresa Is Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize




U.N. Convention Condemns Discrimination Against Women




Soviet Union Invades Afghanistan




American Firms Adopt Japanese Manufacturing Strategies




CAD/CAM Revolutionizes Engineering and Manufacturing




Decline of the Big Three Networks




Electronic Technology Creates the Possibility of Telecommuting




Female Directors Attain Prominence




Madonna Revolutionizes Popular Fashion




Marsalis Revives Acoustic Jazz




Radon Is Recognized as an Indoor Air Hazard




Schnabel Emerges as a Celebrity Artist




U.S. Regional Branch Banking Is Approved




Video Rental Outlets Gain Popularity




Multiculturalism Dominates the Dance World




Innovative Black Filmmakers Achieve Success




Rise of Video and Computer Games




Basques Are Granted Home Rule but Continue to Fight for Independence




Berg, Gilbert, and Sanger Develop Techniques for Genetic Engineering




Four Modern Masters Affirm Germany’s Place in the Art World




Inflationary Theory Explains the Early Universe




Japan Becomes the World’s Largest Automobile Producer




Mediterranean Nations Sign Antipollution Pact




People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Is Founded




Presidential Advisory Commission Studies Medical and Research Ethics




Larson’s The Far Side Comic Strip Is Published




U.S. Government Bails Out Chrysler Corporation




Saudi Arabia Beheads Sixty-Three Persons for Attack on Mecca




Griess Constructs “the Monster,” the Last Sporadic Group




Abscam Affair




Von Klitzing Discovers the Quantized Hall Effect




U.S. Hockey Team Upsets Soviets




Zimbabwe Gains Independence




Olympic Boycotts




Mexico Controls Huge Leak in Offshore Oil Well




Archbishop Romero Is Assassinated




U.S. Congress Deregulates Banks and Savings and Loans




Foreman Founds Earth First!




Mariel Boatlift




Pluto’s Atmosphere Is Discovered




Death of Tito




Rioters Protest Miami Police Brutality




Mount St. Helens Erupts




Radar Reveals Canals at Mayan Agricultural Centers




Cable News Network Debuts




Scientists Find Evidence of an Asteroid Impact at the End of the Cretaceous Period




U.S. Supreme Court Grants a Patent for a Living Organism




U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Water Rights




Soviet Union Passes Environmental Legislation




Paraguayan Torturer Is Convicted of Violating the Law of Nations




The Global 2000 Report Is Issued




Solidarity Leads Striking Polish Workers




Baryshnikov Becomes Artistic Director of American Ballet Theatre




Iran-Iraq War




China Conducts Atmospheric Nuclear Test




Reagan Is Elected President




U.S. Congress Protects Alaskan Lands and Wildlife




Assassination of John Lennon




Superfund Is Established to Pay for Hazardous-Waste Cleanup




U.S. Congress Addresses “Low-Level” Nuclear Waste




Activists Oppose Deployment of the MX Missile




Citizens’ Clearinghouse for Hazardous Waste Is Founded




Missouri Program Promotes Parental Involvement in Education




The Ultimate Resource Argues in Favor of Population Growth




Geneticists Create Giant Mice




Hill Street Blues Defines Hard-Reality Television




The Group of Ten Meets for the First Time




Watt Announces Expansion of Energy Leasing on the Outer Continental Shelf




Federal Regulators Authorize Adjustable-Rate Mortgages




Sands Begins Hunger Strike




Hinckley Attempts to Assassinate President Reagan




Mahathir Begins Rule in Malaysia




Bell Labs Improves Solar Cells




Mitterrand Is Elected to the French Presidency




World Health Organization Adopts a Code on Breast-Milk Substitutes




Saudi Arabia Establishes Gulf Cooperation Council




Cassinelli and Associates Discover the Most Massive Star Known




Organization of African Unity Adopts the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights




U.S. Centers for Disease Control Recognizes AIDS




Israel Destroys Iraqi Nuclear Reactor




Brown Orders Medfly Spraying in California




South African Rugby Team Tour Provokes Protests




San Diego Trolley Opens




MTV Revolutionizes American Popular Culture




Air Traffic Controllers Declare a Strike




The United States Announces Production of Neutron Bombs




IBM Introduces Its Personal Computer




Reagan Promotes Supply-Side Economics




EWTN Begins Religious Broadcasting




Clewell Performs Surgery on a Fetus to Correct Hydrocephalus




O’Connor Is the First Woman to Serve as Supreme Court Justice




New Dance U.S.A. Festival




Greek Socialists Win Parliamentary Majority




“Yellow Rain” Hearing




Columbia’s Second Flight Proves the Practicality of the Space Shuttle




Soviets Begin Construction of Siberian Gas Pipeline




United Nations Votes to Protect Freedom of Religion and Belief




Poland Imposes Martial Law and Bans Solidarity




Baulieu Develops a Pill That Induces Abortion




Cech Demonstrates That RNA Can Act as an Enzyme




Peters Gains Prominence as a Writer on Management




Compact Disc Players Are Introduced




Daffos Uses Umbilical Cord Puncture to Diagnose Fetal Disease




Astronomers Discover an Unusual Ring System of Planet Neptune




AT&T Undergoes Divestiture




“MASTER HAROLD” . . . and the Boys Examines Apartheid




Falkland Islands War




Solar One Begins Operation in the Mojave Desert




Canada’s Constitution Act




Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms Is Enacted




Braniff International Suspends Flight Operations




Eli Lilly Releases the First Commercial Genetically Engineered Medication




Release of Blade Runner Heralds a Science-Fiction Classic




Fierstein’s Torch Song Trilogy Meets with Unexpected Success




E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial Opens to Great Success




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds Right of Noncitizens to Social Services




Great Britain Announces Plans to Privatize British Telecom




Seven People Die After Taking Cyanide-Laced Tylenol




USA Today Is the First National Newspaper




Palestinians Are Massacred in West Beirut




Pro-Iran Radicals Form Hezbollah




EPCOT Center Opens




Kohl Becomes Chancellor of West Germany




Thriller Marks Jackson’s Musical Coming-of-Age




DeVries Implants the First Jarvik-7 Artificial Heart




United Nations Issues Principles of Medical Ethics




United Nations Responds to the Homeless Crisis




U.S. Congress Addresses “High-Level” Nuclear Waste




Dioxin Contamination Forces Evacuation of Times Beach




Rubbia and van der Meer Isolate the Intermediate Vector Bosons




Sudanese Civil War Resumes




Festivals Mark a Peak in the Dance Created by Black Artists




National Commission Against Torture Studies Human Rights Abuses




Nigeria Expels West African Migrant Workers




First Successful Human Embryo Transfer




Payment-in-Kind Program Compensates U.S. Farmers to Abstain from Planting




Anderson’s United States Popularizes Performance Art




West German Green Party Gains Seats in Parliament




Workers Buy Weirton Steel




Mullis Develops the Polymerase Chain Reaction




Reagan Proposes the Strategic Defense Initiative




Tracking and Data-Relay Satellite System Revolutionizes Space Communications




Government Reveals Oak Ridge Mercury Releases




Martial Law Ends in Poland




Tamil Separatist Violence Erupts in Sri Lanka




Assassination of Philippine Opposition Leader Benigno Aquino




Murray and Szostak Create the First Artificial Chromosome




Soviet Jets Shoot Down Korean Air Lines Flight 007




Continental Airlines Declares Bankruptcy




Amnesty International Works to Prevent Torture




Europeans Demonstrate Against Nuclear Weapons




United States Invades Grenada




Aspartame Is Approved for Use in Carbonated Beverages




Jackson Becomes the First Major Black Candidate for U.S. President




Spacelab 1 Is Launched Aboard the Space Shuttle




United States Announces Its Withdrawal from UNESCO




Nigerian Military Topples President Shagari




“Deep Ecology” Platform Is Drafted




Introduction of Optical Discs for Data Storage




Limbaugh Begins Talk Radio in Sacramento




Lovejoy Proposes the Debt-for-Nature Swap




Sibley and Ahlquist Discover Human-Chimpanzee Genetic Relationship




Introduction of the Apple Macintosh




Pennzoil Sues Texaco for Interfering in Getty Oil Deal




Willadsen Clones the First Farm Animal by Nuclear Transfer




South Africa and Mozambique Sign Nkomati Accord




Project Displays Hominid Heritage




Sixteen Candles Starts a Wave of Teen Films




Sikhs and Indian Government Clash at the Golden Temple




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds Seniority Systems




New York State Imposes the First Mandatory Seat-Belt Law




Two Women Walk in Space




U.S. Government Bails Out Continental Illinois Bank




United Nations Holds a Population Conference




U.S. Court of Appeals Upholds the Navy’s Ban on Homosexuality




Radioactive Cargo Sinks in the North Sea




Mulroney Era Begins in Canada




The Cosby Show Makes Television History




Britain Signs Agreement to Leave Hong Kong in 1997




Hong Kong’s Citizens Prepare for Chinese Takeover




American Psychiatric Association Addresses the Homeless Mentally Ill




Ethiopia Resettles Famine Victims from the North to Southern Ethiopia




Indira Gandhi Is Assassinated




Evacuation of Ethiopian Jews to Israel




Toxic Gas Leaks from a Union Carbide Plant in Bhopal, India




Tutu Receives the Nobel Peace Prize




Simon’s Biloxi Blues Emphasizes Serious Themes




Construction of the Keck Telescope Begins in Hawaii




Ecodefense Advocates “Monkeywrenching”




Yugo Begins Selling Cars in the United States




Rainforest Action Network Boycotts Burger King




Minnesota Gives Parents Broader Choices in Public Education




New Zealand Closes Ports to U.S. Nuclear Warships




Jeffreys Discovers the Technique of Genetic Fingerprinting




Gorbachev Initiates a Policy of Glasnost




Democracy Returns to Brazil




Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge Is Closed




Coca-Cola Introduces a New Formula




First Woman Conservative Rabbi Is Ordained




Researchers Discover a Hole in the Ozone Layer




Home Shopping Service Is Offered on Cable Television




French Agents Sink the Rainbow Warrior




Live Aid Generates Millions for Famine Relief




Ballard Discovers the Lost Ship Titanic




Europe Takes the Ryder Cup




Earthquake Devastates Mexico City




Christo Wraps the Pont Neuf




Tevatron Particle Accelerator Begins Operation at Fermilab




Anglo-Irish Agreement Is Signed




U.S.-Soviet Summit




Microsoft Releases the Windows Operating System




European Nations Open Superphénix




Argentine Leaders Are Convicted of Human Rights Violations




Manville Offers $2.5 Billion to Victims of Asbestos Dust




U.S. Congress Revamps Farm Policy




Fossey Is Murdered over Efforts to Protect Mountain Gorillas




Kamiokande Neutrino Telescope Begins Operation




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds Goals, Not Quotas, to Remedy Discrimination




Tully Discovers the Pisces-Cetus Supercluster Complex




Bednorz and Müller Discover a High-Temperature Superconductor




United States and Canada Issue a Joint Report on Acid Rain




International Whaling Ban Goes into Effect




Portugal and Spain Enter the European Community




U.S. Government Tightens Restrictions on Lead




Museveni Captures Kampala




Challenger Accident




First Permanently Manned Space Station Is Launched




Marcos Flees the Philippines




Warren Is Named First Poet Laureate of the United States




European Economic Community Adopts the Single European Act




Palme Is Assassinated




Space Probes Begin Examination of Comet Halley




Soviet Chernobyl Nuclear Plant Undergoes Meltdown




Insider Trading Scandals Mar the Emerging Junk Bond Market




Akalaitis’s Green Card Confronts Audiences with Harsh Realities




Election of Waldheim as President of Austria Stirs Controversy




FDA Approves a Genetically Engineered Vaccine for Hepatitis B




Rap Goes Platinum with Run-D.M.C.’s Raising Hell




Pixar Studios Creates Its First Virtual Studio Film




African Lake Emits Toxic Gas




Discovery of a Gene That Suppresses Retinoblastoma




Soviet Nuclear Submarine Sinks in the Atlantic




Fox Television Network Goes on the Air




U.S. Congress Requires Governments to Inform the Public About Toxic Pollutants




Swiss Warehouse Fire Causes Toxic Spill into the Rhine




Chissano Succeeds Machel in Mozambique




U.S. Congress Enacts Major Immigration Reform




Iran-Contra Scandal




Tyson Becomes Youngest World Heavyweight Boxing Champion




Boston Celtics Sell Shares in the Team




Opening of the Musée d’Orsay




Soyinka Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




Wiesel Receives the Nobel Peace Prize




Voyager Circumnavigates the Globe Without Refueling




Kazakhstan Muslims Riot Against Russians




Platoon Explores the Vietnam Experience




McToxics Campaign Begins




South African Black Workers Strike




Scientists Date a Homo Sapiens Fossil at Ninety-Two Thousand Years




Search for the Gene That Begins Male Development




Government-Supported Death Squads Quash Sri Lanka Insurrection




Cann Postulates the African Eve




Vons Opens Its First Tianguis Marketplace




Waite Is Kidnapped in Lebanon




Supernova 1987A Corroborates Theories of Star Formation




Garbage Barge Mobro Cruises U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts




Iraq Uses Poison Gas Against Kurds




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds the Constitutionality of Capital Punishment




Genetically Altered Bacteria Are Released into the Environment




Our Common Future Is Published




National Museum of Women in the Arts Opens Amid Controversy




U.S. Supreme Court Rules That Laws Can Force Groups to Admit Women




Barbie Is Tried for Nazi War Crimes




Fiji’s Elected Government Is Ousted by the Military




Ontario’s Pay Equity Act




Florida Passes the Surface Water Improvement and Management Act




U.S. Congress Appropriates Funds for the Homeless




U.S. Government Introduces the Baldrige Award




FDA Approves the First Cholesterol-Lowering Drug




Miller Discovers a Dinosaur Egg Containing the Oldest Known Embryo




Radioactive Powder Injures Hundreds of Brazilians




U.S. Stock Market Crashes on “Black Monday”




Adams’s Nixon in China Premieres




Van Gogh’s Irises Sells for $53.9 Million




Palestinian Intifada Begins




Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty




Arias Sánchez Receives the Nobel Peace Prize




A. H. Robins Must Compensate Women Injured by the Dalkon Shield




Yucca Mountain Is Designated a Radioactive Waste Repository




FDA Approves Prozac as an Antidepressant




U.S. Congress Prohibits Marine Plastics Dumping




Doppler Radar Revolutionizes Weather Forecasting




Erlich Develops DNA Fingerprinting from a Single Hair




Graf Wins Golden Grand Slam




New York Opens “Shock” Incarceration Camp for Female Prisoners




Osama Bin Laden Forms al-Qaeda




Sudanese Civil War Uses Hunger as a Weapon




Tank Collapse Releases Fuel into the Monongahela River




Ethnic Riots Erupt in Armenia




Oldest Known Galaxy Is Discovered




Pei Creates a New Entrance to the Louvre




U.S. Congress Mandates Nondiscriminatory Practices by Recipients of Public Funds




Israel Convicts Demjanjuk of Nazi War Crimes




Patent Is Granted for Genetically Engineered Mice




Canada Passes the Tobacco Products Control Act




First Monetary Damages Are Awarded to the Estate of a Cigarette Smoker




Fires Burn Much of Yellowstone National Park




Who Framed Roger Rabbit Merges Animation with Live Action




Deconstructivists Exhibit at the Museum of Modern Art




Excommunication of Archbishop Lefebvre




Medical Waste Washes onto U.S. Atlantic Beaches




Ethnic Violence Erupts in Yugoslavian Provinces




USS Vincennes Shoots Down Iranian Civilian Plane




Auspicious Day of 8/8/88 Turns Deadly in Rangoon




U.S. Congress Formally Apologizes to Japanese Internees




Prodigy Introduces Dial-Up Service




Recruit Scandal Surfaces in Japan




Brazilian President Announces Plans to Protect Rain Forests




Global ReLeaf Program Is Initiated




U.S. Welfare Reform Links Assistance to Work




U.S. Law Mandates Use of Alternative Fuels




U.S. Law Supports Indian Gaming




BRAC Commission Is Established to Close U.S. Military Bases




Bhutto Becomes the First Woman Elected to Lead a Muslim Country




Construction Begins on the Superconducting Super Collider




United Nations Creates a Panel to Study Climate Change




Bush Is Elected President




Drexel and Michael Milken Are Charged with Insider Trading




Armenian Earthquake Leads to Calls for Building Reform




Mahfouz Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




Pan Am Flight 103 Explodes over Lockerbie




Namibia Is Liberated from South African Control




Amnesty International Exposes the Cruelty of the Death Penalty




Arnold and Gottlieb Publish The Wise Use Agenda




Hungary Adopts a Multiparty System




Kashmir Separatists Demand an End to Indian Rule




Kenyan Government Cracks Down on Dissent




Oregon Guarantees Basic Health Care for the Uninsured




Robertson Founds the Christian Coalition




Soviet Troops Leave Afghanistan




U.S. Surgeon General Reports on Tobacco and Health




Colombian Presidential Candidates Are Killed




Soviet Farmers Gain Control of Land and Crop Selection




Iran Issues a Fatwa Against Salman Rushdie




United States Bans Chilean Fruit After Cyanide Scare




Exxon Valdez Oil Spill




NOW Sponsors a March for Abortion Rights




Lincoln Savings and Loan Declares Bankruptcy




Magellan Probe Maps Venus




Helsinki Watch Proposes Reform of Refugee Laws




Poland Forms a Non-Communist Government




China Crushes Prodemocracy Demonstration in Tiananmen Square




Mapplethorpe’s Photographs Provoke Controversy




U.S. Supreme Court Strikes Down Flag Desecration Law




U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Execution of the Mentally Retarded and the Young




Do the Right Thing Establishes Lee as a World-Class Director




Papandreou Leaves Office in Disgrace




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds State Restrictions on Abortion




Kenyan President Burns a Fortune in Ivory




Mexico Renegotiates Debt to U.S. Banks




Chinese Top Leadership Changes as Jiang Zemin Takes the Party Chair




Sony Purchases Columbia Pictures




Vietnamese Troops Withdraw from Cambodia




Texas’s Method of Funding Schools Is Ruled Unconstitutional




Bakker Is Sentenced for Fraud and Conspiracy




Ford Buys Jaguar




Wilder Becomes the First Elected Black Governor




Fall of the Berlin Wall




Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia




United Nations Adopts the Convention on the Rights of the Child




Pope John Paul II Issues an Environmental Message




Tibet’s Dalai Lama Receives the Nobel Peace Prize




Chilean Voters End Pinochet’s Military Rule




United States Intervenes in Panama




Liberian Civil War




Ceau?escu Is Overthrown in Romania




Algeria and Egypt Crack Down on Islamic Militants




Disney Emerges as an Architectural Patron




Libraries Transform into Information Technology Centers




Albania Opens Its Borders to Foreign Nationals




“An Anti-Environmentalist Manifesto” Signals a Backlash




Avon Begins Operations in China




Discovery of Breast Cancer Genes




United Nations Admits Many New Members




Poland Begins Switching to a Market Economy




The Simpsons Debuts, Anchoring the Fledgling Fox Network




Mandela Is Freed




Cisco Systems Goes Public




Sandinistas Are Defeated in Nicaraguan Elections




Soviet Troops Withdraw from Czechoslovakia




Soviet Parliament Allows Private Ownership




Lithuania Declares Independence from the Soviet Union




McCartney Conceives Promise Keepers




British Riot over the Poll Tax




U.S. Government Authorizes Collection of Data on Crime Against Gays




NASA Launches the Hubble Space Telescope




Merging of the Two Yemens




West Germany Wins a Third FIFA World Cup




Algeria Holds Its First Free Multiparty Elections




Lawsuits Against Mobil Draw Attention to “Green” Marketing




Massive Quake Rocks Iran




Meech Lake Accord Dies




U.S. Supreme Court Upholds the Right to Refuse Medical Treatment




U.N. Agreement Protects Ozone Layer




General Motors Sponsors a Solar-Powered Car Race




Gorbachev Agrees to Membership of a United Germany in NATO




Spotted Owl Prompts Old-Growth Timber Controversy




Bloc Québécois Forms




U.S. Congress Enacts Disability Rights




Genetically Engineered Rabies Vaccine Is Released




Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait




U.S. Congress Passes Oil Spill Legislation




The Civil War Rivets the Attention of the United States




“Killer Bees” Invade the United States




Debut of Baryshnikov’s White Oak Dance Project




United States Makes Pollution Prevention a National Goal




U.S. Congress Approves More Clean Air Act Amendments




Environmentalists Defeat the Cross-Florida Barge Canal




Major Succeeds Thatcher as British Prime Minister




Aristide Wins First Democratic Election in Haiti




Captive-Bred Condors and Ferrets Are Reintroduced into the Wild




Development of HTML




Persian Gulf War




Seinfeld Takes a Regular Slot on NBC




Iraq Burns Kuwaiti Oil Wells




De Klerk Promises to Topple Apartheid Legislation




Mongolia Sheds Communism




Medical Researchers Test Promising Drugs for the Treatment of AIDS




Supreme Soviet Declares the Aral Sea a Disaster Area




Birth of the Southern Common Market




U.S. Courts Restrict Rights to Photocopy Anthologies




Swiss Banks End Secret Accounts




CDC Publicizes the Dangers of Secondhand Smoke




Eruption of Mount Pinatubo




Civil War Begins in Yugoslavia




Bush Nominates Second African American to the Supreme Court




Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact




Sweden Applies for Membership in the European Community




IBM and Apple Agree to Make Compatible Computers




Pesticides Are Released into the Sacramento River




African Countries Begin to Revive Democratization




Immigrants in Germany Become Targets of Violence




North Carolina Fire Points to Workplace Hazards




Bush Announces Nuclear Arms Reductions




Iijima Reports the Production of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes




Yugoslav Army Shells Dubrovnik




U.S. Congress Strengthens Equal Opportunity Laws




Dissolution of the Soviet Union




Muslim Refugees Flee Persecution in Myanmar




Gordimer Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




Audubon Society Opens Environmentally Responsible Headquarters




Japan Admits to Sex Slavery During World War II




Pequots Open Gaming Facility




Yankee Rowe Nuclear Plant Is Shut Down




Perot Mounts a Third-Party Bid for the U.S. Presidency




United Nations Authorizes Troop Deployment to the Balkans




Terrorists Attack Israeli Embassy and Jewish Center in Argentina




Euro Disneyland Opens




Los Angeles Riots




Hariri Begins Reconstruction of Lebanon




Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance Is Established




Earth Summit Convenes in Rio de Janeiro




Tailhook Scandal




U.S. Supreme Court Restricts Abortion Rights




Hurricane Andrew Devastates Southern Florida




U.S. Government Facilities Must Comply with Environmental Standards




Columbus Day Debates Reflect Cultural Diversity




Defeat of the Charlottetown Accord




Clinton Wins the U.S. Presidency




U.S. Marines Enter Somalia




U.N. Security Council Brokers Peace in Mozambique




United Nations Bans the Use of Drift Nets




Norway Resumes Whaling in Defiance of International Ban




Czechoslovakia Splits into Two Republics




United States and Russia Reach Nuclear Arms Reduction Agreement




Trojan Nuclear Plant Is Retired




Braer Runs Aground




U.S. Congress Guarantees Job Security During Family Emergencies




World Trade Center Bombing




Intel Introduces the Pentium Processor




Mississippi and Missouri Flooding Brings Misery to Middle America




Clinton Convenes the Forest Summit




Branch Davidians’ Compound Burns




United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Opens




Kushner’s Angels in America Premieres on Broadway




Paraguay Embraces Democracy




Eritrea Secedes from Ethiopia




Bomb Damages the Uffizi Gallery




World Conference on Human Rights




Campbell Becomes Canada’s First Woman Prime Minister




Brazilian Police Massacre Slum Dwellers




Mattel and Fisher-Price Form the World’s Biggest Toy Company




Frasier Dominates Television Comedy




Myst Energizes the Computer Game Market




Crew of Biosphere 2 Exits After Two Years




Bell Atlantic and TCI Announce Merger Plans




Burundian President Is Assassinated




Fires Devastate Southern California




Unification of the European Market




Chrétien Takes Charge in Canada




North American Free Trade Agreement




Astronauts Repair the Hubble Space Telescope




Ulster Peace Accord




Giuliani Administration Transforms New York City




Northridge Quake Rocks Los Angeles




Schindler’s List Begins Reaping Accolades




Italy’s Voters Move Right




U.S. Gun Control Legislation Takes Effect




Rwandan Genocide




Alexander Fights to Save the National Endowment for the Arts




Genetically Engineered Food Reaches Supermarkets




Opening of the Channel Tunnel




Andy Warhol Museum Opens




Postmodernist Film Pulp Fiction Wins at Cannes




Bald Eagle Is No Longer an Endangered Species




Boeing’s 777 Takes to the Skies




Kim Jong Il Succeeds His Father in North Korea




Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Collides with Jupiter




United Nations Authorizes the Use of Force in Haiti




Baseball Strike Forces Cancellation of the World Series




Ferry Sinks in the Baltic




U.S.-North Korea Pact




Oregon Voters Legalize Physician-Assisted Suicide




Republicans Regain Control of Congress




Law of the Sea Treaty Enters into Force




General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade




?e Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




Russian Troops Invade Chechnya




Premier Li Peng Announces the Three Gorges Dam Project




Release of Netscape Navigator 1.0




Cable Television Challenges Network Television




Rise of the Internet and the World Wide Web




South Africa Establishes a Truth and Reconciliation Commission




Famine Strikes North Korea




Cardoso Brings Prestige to Brazilian Presidency




K?be Earthquake Kills Thousands




O. J. Simpson Trial




United States Bails Out Mexico




Serbs Face Charges at the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia




Arrest of Hacker Kevin Mitnick




Terrorists Use Sarin Gas in Tokyo Subway Attack




National Library of France Opens




Bombing of the Oklahoma City Federal Building




New Panchen Lama Is Named




Chirac Takes Office as President of France




Sun Microsystems Introduces Java




Popular Fiction Addresses the End Times




U.S. Supreme Court Limits Racial Preferences in Awarding Government Contracts




U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Random Drug Testing in Schools




Space Shuttle Docks with Mir




Amazon.com Sells Its First Book Online




Venona Cables Are Declassified




United States Recognizes Vietnam




Third Taiwan Strait Crisis




France Resumes Nuclear Testing




Ripken Breaks Gehrig’s Iron Man Record




DVD Technology Is Announced




Farrakhan Leads the Million Man March




Rabin Is Assassinated




Nigeria Hangs Saro-Wiwa and Other Rights Advocates




Dayton Negotiations Produce Bosnian Peace Accord




NASA Launches the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory




Galileo Achieves Orbit Around Jupiter




Heaney Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




Hopes for Democracy in Bangladesh Rise




Meningitis Outbreak Proves Deadly in West Africa




U.S. Congress Reforms Law Regulating Telecommunications




Comet Hyakutake Is Discovered




Deep Blue Beats Kasparov in Chess




Britain Announces Human Cases of Mad Cow Disease




Sudan Expels Osama Bin Laden




Vietnamese Refugees Riot in Hong Kong




U.S. Supreme Court Strikes Down Colorado Antigay Law




Center-Right Government Takes Over in Spain




Wilmut Clones the First Large Mammal from an Adult Cell




Centennial Olympic Park Bombing




Kennewick Man Is Discovered




Green Party Nominates Nader for President




Dam Burst Contaminates the Pilcomayo River




Grand Staircase-Escalante Is Declared a National Monument




Taliban Begins Suppression of Human Rights in Afghanistan




Clinton Signs Legislation to Help Restore the Everglades




Asteroid Toutatis Passes Near Earth




Rawlings Wins Reelection to Ghana’s Presidency




Szymborska Receives the Nobel Prize in Literature




FARC Offensive Intensifies the Guerrilla War in Colombia




Guatemalan Peace Accords End Civil War




Archaeologists Announce the Discovery of Aristotle’s Lyceum




Karen Refugee Crisis




Clinton Rejects Federal Support for Human Cloning




Heaven’s Gate Cult Members Commit Mass Suicide




Labor Party Wins Majority in British National Elections




Globe Theatre Opens in London




NATO and Russia Sign Cooperation Pact




Indonesian Forest Fires Devastate Southeast Asia




Tiger Woods Becomes World’s Top-Rated Golfer




Harry Potter Resuscitates Reading




Hong Kong Becomes Part of the People’s Republic of China




Japan Enacts a Law to Protect the Ainu People




Mississippi Settles Lawsuit with Cigarette Makers




Pathfinder Lands on Mars




Murder of Gianni Versace




Princess Diana Dies in a Car Crash




Cassini-Huygens Probe Is Launched




Temple of Hatshepsut Massacre




Kyoto Conference on Greenhouse Gases




Land Mine Activist Receives Nobel Peace Prize




First Cases of Avian Flu Are Reported




Mandela Makes Way for Mbeki




Japanese Magnetic Train Reaches Record Speed




Microsoft Acquires Hotmail




AIDS Devastates Africa




Brokaw Honors the Greatest Generation




Reparations Funds for Holocaust Victims Are Established




Sexual Molestation Scandal Rocks the Catholic Church




Lunar Prospector Mission




Protocol on Antarctic Environmental Protection Enters into Force




Osama Bin Laden Declares Jihad Against “Jews and Crusaders”




Kosovo Conflict Escalates




Titanic Ties an Oscar Record




Opening of the World’s Largest Suspension Bridge




Good Friday Agreement




Los Frailes Tailings Pond Dam Ruptures in Spain




Daimler-Benz Buys Chrysler




Eritrean-Ethiopian War




India Conducts Nuclear Tests




United States Sues Microsoft




Suharto Resigns, Making Way for Habibie




World’s Exposition 1998




Druids Celebrate the Summer Solstice




U.S. Supreme Court Rules That “Decency” Can Be Required for Federal Arts Grants




U.S. Supreme Court Strikes Down the Line-Item Veto




Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Is Adopted




Hun Sen Wins Cambodian Elections




Chang River Breaks Through Its Main Bank




Terrorists Bomb U.S. Embassies in East Africa




Omagh Car Bombing




U.N. Tribunal Convicts Rwandans of Genocide




Google Is Founded




McGwire Breaks Maris’s Home Run Record




Wye River Accords




Earth Liberation Front Resorts to Arson




Deep Space 1 Is Launched




Reform of the Copyright Act




Schröder Replaces Kohl as German Chancellor




Hurricane Mitch Floods Central America




Europe Celebrates the Restructuring of the European Court of Human Rights




First Embryonic Stem Cell Line Is Derived




Bongo Wins Fair Elections in Gabon




First Genetic Map of an Animal Reported




Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander Are Launched and Lost




Iraq Disarmament Crisis Climaxes in Air Strikes




Clinton Is Impeached




Rise of the Blogosphere




Eleven European Nations Adopt the Euro




Fire Disaster Closes Mont Blanc Tunnel




Williams Sisters Meet in Historic Tennis Final




Scientists Announce Discovery of Enzyme Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease




Columbine High School Massacre




Barak Takes Charge in Israel




Restored Last Supper Goes on Display




Democracy Returns to Nigeria




Napster Is Released




Six African Nations Sign the Lusaka Peace Accord




China Suppresses Falun Gong Religious Group




NASA Launches the Chandra X-Ray Observatory




Woodstock 1999 Ends in Violence




Armstrong Wins His First Tour de France




Second Chechen War Erupts




Putin Becomes Russian Prime Minister




Petronas Twin Towers Open




Voters in East Timor Vote for Independence




Viacom Announces Plans to Buy CBS




NFL Franchise Goes to Houston




Musharraf Seizes Power in Pakistan Coup




World’s Six Billionth Person Is Born




United States and China Sign Trade Deal




Exxon-Mobil Merger Creates the World’s Second-Largest Company




Rioters Disrupt World Trade Organization Meetings




First Hybrid Car Appears on the U.S. Market




Guéï Coup in Ivory Coast




Y2K “Crisis”




Peanuts Comic Strip Retires




Hague Court Convicts Bosnian Croats of 1993 Massacre




Land Reform Sparks Controversy in Zimbabwe




Endeavour Maps Earth from Space




Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous Spacecraft Orbits a Small Body




FMLN Wins Legislative Elections in El Salvador




King Releases the First E-Novel




Wade Ends Socialist Dominance in Senegal




Survivor Introduces Audiences to “Reality TV”




NASDAQ Dive Prompts Dot-Com Crash




ILOVEYOU Virus Attacks Computers




Scientists Release Evidence of Water on Mars




Completion of the Sequencing of the Human Genome Is Announced




U.S. Supreme Court Protects Restrictions on Membership in Private Groups




Canadian Parliament Passes the Clarity Act




Vermont’s Civil Union Law Takes Effect




PRI Rule Ends in Mexico




Organization of African Unity Moves to Establish the African Union




“Blood Diamonds” Attract World Scrutiny




Bridgestone/Firestone Announces Massive Recall




Russian Submarine Sinks




United Nations Holds the Millennium Summit




Terrorists Attack USS Cole




International Space Station Is Manned




Bush Election Stirs Political and Legal Controversy




U.S. Government Funds Everglades Restoration